For the stage, Lidberg has created works for numerous companies including New York City Ballet, Paris Opera Ballet, Martha Graham Dance Company, Vienna Staatsoper Ballet, Les Ballets de Monte-Carlo, Semperoper Ballet Dresden, Royal Swedish Ballet, Royal Danish Ballet, Birmingham Royal Ballet, and Beijing Dance Theatre, as well as for his own company, Pontus Lidberg Dance. His work has been commissioned and presented by La Biennale di Venezia, Montpellier Danse, Théâtre National de Chaillot, The Joyce Theater, Guggenheim Works & Process, the National Arts Centre of Canada, New York City Center's Fall for Dance Festival, and the Spoleto Festival, among others. Siren received a Villanueva Award from UNEAC, the National Union of Writers and Artists of Cuba, as one of the best performances presented in Cuba in 2018. Centaur, which explores AI in dance, received the Lumen Prize Nordic Award in 2021.

His films have received numerous awards. Of The Rain, the New York Times wrote that it "illustrates what filmed dance can say that staged dance cannot." Labyrinth Within won Best Picture at the Dance on Camera Festival in 2012. His first feature film, Written on Water, starring Aurélie Dupont and Leslie Caron in her final screen role, premiered at Le Festival International du Film sur l'Art in Montréal in 2021 and was broadcast by ARTE and ZDF.

He has held residencies at institutions including the Watermill Center, the Baryshnikov Arts Center, the Cité Internationale des Arts in Paris, and the Center for Ballet and the Arts at NYU. 

Raised in Stockholm, Lidberg trained at the Royal Swedish Ballet School and the Conservatoire National Supérieur de Musique et de Danse de Paris, and holds an MFA in Contemporary Performative Arts from the University of Gothenburg. He is a dual citizen of Sweden and the United States.

From 2018 to 2023 he was Artistic Director of Danish Dance Theatre. He is Artistic Director of Ballet de l'Opéra de Nice Côte d'Azur and, during 2025-26, he was Artist-in-Residence at the Master of Science in Media, Medicine, and Health program at Harvard Medical School.